Compare and contrast environmental protest in Taiwan, China, and South Korea in terms of the ladder of escalation, the discursive struggle, the manner of political mobilization, the relationship to environmental administration, and the role of national NGOs. Could you call China (PRC)s environmental protests or NGOsa social movement using Lius criteria?

Using material from the below readings to write a well-organized essay describing one of the following phenomena or institutions in Taiwan, South Korea, and/or China (PRC). Be sure to cite the readings when appropriate giving author and page number in parentheses.

Readings: Liu, Leverage of the Weak, Chapter 1-3;
Shapiro, Judith, “Public Participation and Civil Society,” In China’s Environmental Challenges (Polity 2016) https://faculty.washington.edu/sangok/JSISA405/Shapiro%20Public%20Participation.pdf